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Launch Peercoin was created by Scott Nadal and Sunny King (who also developed Primecoin). Scott has since departed the project leaving Sunny King as the core maintainer. Mining and Minting Mining in Peercoin is much the same as bitcoin and used the same SHA256 hashing method, however block time, transaction fees and difficultly are all quite different (as described below). Minting is based on Coin Age that is, the number of the coins multiplied by the number of days that they have been held. Coins must be held for 30 days before they are elidgilbe to begin minting and reach their maximum rate of minting at 90 days. The network target is a 1% yearly return on any coins allocated for minting. After a coin has successful minted it is frozen for 520 blocks.

Thus users must make sure to remove coins from the minting process if they are preparing for a transaction. As with mining, minting involves hashing.

However, this is done on a per node basis and is done in a limited search space (one hash per unspent wallet output per second). This is done with the goal of reducing overall energy consumption of the network. Difficulty Peercoin retargets difficulty after each block. Difficulty is tracked separately for both the mining and minting process with minting being inversely difficult to mining.

That is to say the network is designed to incentivize minting over mining, so as mining gets more difficult minting gets proportionally less difficult. Transaction Fees Peercoin transaction fees are fixed at the protocol level which is currently 0.01 PPC/kB.

This offers transparency, along with a relatively easy-to-use system of transfer and an codebase, just like what made Bitcoin the gold standard for those wishing to send and receive money without the need for a bank or other intermediary. Bitcoin is not without its problems, however, a fact that has influenced developers to create their own cryptocurrencies (often referred to as altcoins) to address some of these shortcomings. Cryptocurrencies and Energy Consumption The back-and-forth transfer of most cryptocurrencies is facilitated by a public blockchain and the Proof-of-Work (PoW) concept. When a transaction first takes place, it is grouped with others that have yet to be validated to form a cryptographically-protected block. Computers on the respective coin's network then utilize their and/or cycles to collectively solve complex mathematical problems, passing a block's transaction data through a specific hashing algorithm such as SHA-256 (used by bitcoin).

At the time of publication, the estimated global mining costs for the bitcoin network alone were well over a billion dollars annually and its electricity consumption as a whole could power more than two million homes across the United States. An Alternative to Proof-of-Work First publicized in 2012, the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) concept aimed to replace or at least supplement the Proof-of-Work mechanism so that crypto transactions could be validated on the blockchain without requiring such a large electrical footprint to do so. Instead of needing power-hungry miners, the staking process selects nodes based on how many coins are being held in an individual's virtual wallet. Those who have more coins have a better chance of getting chosen by a deterministic algorithm to add a new block to the blockchain, and in turn collect the rewards that come along with this achievement. Although significant processing power wasn't needed to solve the block, as is the case with traditional mining, transactions were still proven and validated before being added to the ledger.

PPC – Peercoin. Peercoin (previously known as PPcoin) is the first sha-256 coin with proof-of-stake. Important PPC features: The more people are mining. Peercoin Easy Solo Mining. Get 97% the Block Reward. If you provide your Peercoin address as the username you will recieve 97%.

In the case of the Peercoin network, this alternative PoS method is referred to as minting. Peercoin's Hybrid Approach Peercoin's developers decided upon a hybrid approach when designing their altcoin, based on a modified version of bitcoin's codebase.

While PoW and PoS present their own individual challenges when employed as standalone proving systems, a combination of the two was unique only to PPC at the time of its release and garnered interest among crypto enthusiasts. Verge XVG Mining Program here. Although traditional processor-based PoW mining is utilized by Peercoin, so is its PoS system; the latter which keeps it safe from a 51% attack where one party could essentially take control over the majority of the network and manipulate the blockchain. In order to facilitate such an attack, the attacker would need power over more than half of all minting coins -- a feat that seems next to impossible, especially taking into account that the attacker would most likely harm his or her own Peercoin investment as well. Minting Peercoin earns 1% annually, which is a separate reward from any coins you might accumulate through standard PoW hashing.

Coins held in your wallet become eligible to mint after a 30-day period, and the more often you mint the more chances you have to earn supplementary PPC. Specific hardware is needed to mine Peercoin, but minting can be done on practically any device. There is a safeguard in place to prevent those with the most coins from monopolizing the minting process. Coin age dictates that chance of success is maximized at the 90-day point, so not all coins will be considered in the minting algorithm in perpetuity. One of Peercoin's original targets was to eventually phase out Proof-of-Work from the equation altogether, but its slow growth and the fact that PPC doesn't even rank in the top 100 altcoins in terms of market share makes it highly unlikely that this will ever actually take place.

What Else Makes Peercoin Different? In addition to its hybrid approach to coin creation and block validation, Peercoin differs from bitcoin in some other notable ways. • Number of Coins: While bitcoin has a limit of 21 million coins, there is no true cap on the number of Peercoin that can be generated. This is offset by a steady 1% yearly inflation and increased mining difficulty over time. • Block Time: The average time between block generation at the time of publication was 7 minutes, due in part to the low transaction volume for PPC. In comparison, a new block is generated roughly every 10 minutes on the bitcoin network.

• Transaction Fees: Bitcoin's transaction fees adjust and are driven by its corresponding value, while Peercoin's fees are defined by the protocol itself. How to Buy, Sell and Trade Peercoin Although its popularity has waned tremendously over the years, Peercoin can still be bought, sold and traded through. Note: When investing and trading cryptocurrencies, be sure to.

Peercoin Wallets You can also send and receive Peercoin directly from your digital wallet to or from another address, as well as store your coins in this private key-protected software. It is recommended that you only download Peercoin wallet software directly from the official website, which provides clients for Android, Linux, macOS and Windows operating systems. The site also offers instructions on how to create an offline paper wallet.